Bunyad - A Journal of Urdu Studies, Lahore University of Management Sciences - Lahore

بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو)

Gurmani Centre for Languages and Literature
ISSN (print): 2225-6083
ISSN (online): 2709-9687

جان شیکسپیئر کی اردو بہ انگریزی لغت: مستشرقین کی لغت نویسی کے تناظر میں

  • Niaz Hussain/
  • June 22, 2023
A Study of John Shakespeare’s Urdu-English Dictionary in the perspective of Orientalist Lexicography
Keywords
Edward Said, Urdu-English Lexicography, John Shakespeare, East India Company, William Jones, Joseph Taylor, Duncan Forbes, Karkhandari language.
Abstract

This article aims to explore and contest the various aspects of theoretical framework and practice of John Shakespeare (1774–1858) resorted to while compiling Urdu-English dictionary. John Shakespeare's Urdu-English dictionary, A Dictionary Hindustani & English, with copious index fitting work to serve also as Dictionary English and Hindustani is deemed one of the most important dictionaries compiled by those European scholars who happened to serve East India Company. Their dominant perspective has been pragmatic, aligned with the common imperial paradigm enunciated as ‘knowledge is a power’. Besides including a comprehensive introduction of the distinguished lexicographer, an analysis of the relationship between Orientalists’ Urdu-English lexicography and the East India Company has been carried out. In a bid to highlight the defining features of John Shakespeare’s dictionary, a comparison with the skills, preferences and methods employed in the dictionaries of his predecessor Joseph Taylor (1668-1798) and successor Duncan Forbes (1798-1868) has been drawn. In addition, a brief debate on the significance of Karkhandari language (dialect of Delhi Urdū) is added.

References

Brown, Keith. Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, 2nd Edition. Boston: Elsvier, 2006.

Bussmann, Hadumod. Routledge Dictionary of Language and Linguistics, London: Routledge, 2006.

Faruqi, Shamsur Rahman. “Urdū Lūghat aur Lūghat Nigāri” in Lūghat Navīsi Kē Masā‘il Edited Gopi Chand Narang. Dehli. Monthly Kītāb Nūmā, 1985.

Forbes, Duncan. A Dictionary Hindustani & English accompanied by A Reversed Dictionary English Edition. London: William H. Allen and Company, 1848.

Khan, Allah Yar. Dalā‘il-ul Sulūk. Mianwali: Idārah-i Tālīfāt-i Owaisīyah.

Maulvi, Abdul Haq. Lūghat-i Kabīr. Karachi: Anjuman Taraqqi-i Urdu Pakistan, 1977.

Platts, John Thompson. A Dictionary of Urdu, Classical Hindi and English. London: William H. Allen & Co., 1884.

Said, Edward. Orientalism. London: Penguin Books, 2003.

Shakespear, John. A Dictionary Hindustani & English with copious index fitting work to serve also as Dictionary English and Hindustani. London: Parbury, Allen, & Co., 1834.

Sirhindi, Waris. Kutab-ī Lūghat Kā Tehqīqi-o-Līsāni Jā‘izah.Vol. 3. Islamabad: Muqtadirah-i Qaumī Ẓabān Pakistan, 1987.

Wheeler, Stephen Edward. Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900. Vol. 51. https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography,_1885-1900/Shakespear,_John Accessed June 8, 2023.

How to cite

Hussain, N. (2023). جان شیکسپیئر کی اردو بہ انگریزی لغت: مستشرقین کی لغت نویسی کے تناظر میں. بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو), 14(1). https://bunyad.lums.edu.pk/website/journal/article/649488c15e5b5/page

Retrieved from https://bunyad.lums.edu.pk/website/journal/article/649488c15e5b5/page

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ACM SIG Proceedings
[1]Hussain, N. 2023. جان شیکسپیئر کی اردو بہ انگریزی لغت: مستشرقین کی لغت نویسی کے تناظر میں. بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو). 14, 1 (June 2023).
ACS Nano
(1)Hussain, N. جان شیکسپیئر کی اردو بہ انگریزی لغت: مستشرقین کی لغت نویسی کے تناظر میں. بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو) 2023, 14 (1).
ABNT
HUSSAIN, Niaz. جان شیکسپیئر کی اردو بہ انگریزی لغت: مستشرقین کی لغت نویسی کے تناظر میں. بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو), v. 14, n. 1, 22 June2023.
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Harvard (Cite Them Right)
Hussain, N. (2023) “جان شیکسپیئر کی اردو بہ انگریزی لغت: مستشرقین کی لغت نویسی کے تناظر میں”, بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو), 14(1). Available at: https://bunyad.lums.edu.pk/website/journal/article/649488c15e5b5/page (Accessed: 11 May 2026).
IEEE
[1]N. Hussain, “جان شیکسپیئر کی اردو بہ انگریزی لغت: مستشرقین کی لغت نویسی کے تناظر میں”, بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو), vol. 14, no. 1, June 2023, Accessed: May 11, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://bunyad.lums.edu.pk/website/journal/article/649488c15e5b5/page
MLA
Hussain, Niaz. “جان شیکسپیئر کی اردو بہ انگریزی لغت: مستشرقین کی لغت نویسی کے تناظر میں”. بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو), vols. 14, no. 1, June 2023, https://bunyad.lums.edu.pk/website/journal/article/649488c15e5b5/page.
Turabian (full note bibliography)
Hussain, Niaz. “جان شیکسپیئر کی اردو بہ انگریزی لغت: مستشرقین کی لغت نویسی کے تناظر میں”. بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو) 14, no. 1 (June 22, 2023). Accessed May 11, 2026. https://bunyad.lums.edu.pk/website/journal/article/649488c15e5b5/page.
Vancouver
1.Hussain N. جان شیکسپیئر کی اردو بہ انگریزی لغت: مستشرقین کی لغت نویسی کے تناظر میں. بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو) [Internet]. 2023 June 22 [cited 2026 May 11];14(1). Available from: https://bunyad.lums.edu.pk/website/journal/article/649488c15e5b5/page
AMA
1.Hussain N. جان شیکسپیئر کی اردو بہ انگریزی لغت: مستشرقین کی لغت نویسی کے تناظر میں. بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو). 2023;14(1). Accessed May 11, 2026. https://bunyad.lums.edu.pk/website/journal/article/649488c15e5b5/page

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Author(s):

Niaz Hussain

Lecturer Urdu

Lecturer, Dept. of Urdu. Govt. S. M Science College, Karachi

Pakistan

  • niaz.swati.71@gmail.com

Details:

Type: Article
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Language: Urdu
Id: 649488c15e5b5
Published June 22, 2023

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