Bunyad - A Journal of Urdu Studies, Lahore University of Management Sciences - Lahore

بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو)

Gurmani Centre for Languages and Literature
ISSN (print): 2225-6083
ISSN (online): 2709-9687

ہائیڈل برگ میں لکھی جانے والی اقبال کی ایک نظم اور چند مغالطے

  • Khalid Mahmood Sanjrani/
  • June 23, 2025
A Poem by Iqbal Composed in Heidelberg: Context and Misconceptions
Keywords
Allama Iqbal, Heidelberg, Sulaima, Atiya Fayzee, manuscript, misattribution, Urdu literary criticism
Abstract

This article critically examines a widely circulated misconception regarding Allama Iqbal’s poem "Sulaimā" from Bāng-e-Darā, allegedly written for Atiya Fayzee during his stay in Heidelberg, Germany. Drawing on Iqbal’s own handwritten manuscript and tracing the origins of the confusion to misread or misremembered claims by scholars such as Akbar Haideri and Gyan Chand Jain, the article argues that there is no concrete evidence that Iqbal ever titled the poem “Atiya” or explicitly dedicated it to her. By carefully revisiting primary sources, including Iqbal’s personal notebook housed at Javed Manzil and Sabir Kalorvi’s critical article, the article reveals the speculative and occasionally misleading nature of the interpretations that link the poem to personal relationships. The article also contextualizes Iqbal’s Heidelberg stay, highlighting the poet’s academic, social, and linguistic pursuits, thereby offering a nuanced understanding of the creative atmosphere in which "Sulaimā" was composed. In doing so, the study not only corrects historical inaccuracies but also emphasizes the need for caution when dealing with biographical readings of literary texts.

References

Gyan Chand. Ibtidā’ī Kalām-i Iqbāl: Ba tartīb-i Mah o Sāl. Lahore: Iqbal Academy, 2004.

Iqbal, Muhammad. Mas̱navī Asrār o Rumūz. Lahore: Matbaʿ Karīmī, 1923.

____. Bāng-i Darā. Lahore: Iqbal Academy, 1990.

Kashmiri, Akbar Haideri. Iqbāl: Nādir Ma‘lūmāt. New Delhi: Prince Art, 2006.

Kalorvi, Ṣabir. “Iqbāl kī Naẓm ‘Salaimā’ ”. In Ṣaḥīfah, January-March 1988. Lahore: Majlis-i Taraqqi-i Adab, 1988

How to cite

Sanjrani, K. M. (2025). ہائیڈل برگ میں لکھی جانے والی اقبال کی ایک نظم اور چند مغالطے. بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو), 16(1), 243–252. https://bunyad.lums.edu.pk/website/journal/article/68598195837b6/page

Retrieved from https://bunyad.lums.edu.pk/website/journal/article/68598195837b6/page

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ACM SIG Proceedings
[1]Sanjrani, K.M. 2025. ہائیڈل برگ میں لکھی جانے والی اقبال کی ایک نظم اور چند مغالطے. بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو). 16, 1 (June 2025), 243–252.
ACS Nano
(1)Sanjrani, K. M. ہائیڈل برگ میں لکھی جانے والی اقبال کی ایک نظم اور چند مغالطے. بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو) 2025, 16 (1), 243–252.
ABNT
SANJRANI, Khalid Mahmood. ہائیڈل برگ میں لکھی جانے والی اقبال کی ایک نظم اور چند مغالطے. بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو), v. 16, n. 1, p. 243–252, 23 June2025.
Chicago (author-date)

            
Harvard (Cite Them Right)
Sanjrani, K.M. (2025) “ہائیڈل برگ میں لکھی جانے والی اقبال کی ایک نظم اور چند مغالطے”, بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو), 16(1), pp. 243–252. Available at: https://bunyad.lums.edu.pk/website/journal/article/68598195837b6/page (Accessed: 8 May 2026).
IEEE
[1]K. M. Sanjrani, “ہائیڈل برگ میں لکھی جانے والی اقبال کی ایک نظم اور چند مغالطے”, بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو), vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 243–252, June 2025, Accessed: May 08, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://bunyad.lums.edu.pk/website/journal/article/68598195837b6/page
MLA
Sanjrani, Khalid Mahmood. “ہائیڈل برگ میں لکھی جانے والی اقبال کی ایک نظم اور چند مغالطے”. بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو), vols. 16, no. 1, June 2025, pp. 243–252, https://bunyad.lums.edu.pk/website/journal/article/68598195837b6/page.
Turabian (full note bibliography)
Sanjrani, Khalid Mahmood. “ہائیڈل برگ میں لکھی جانے والی اقبال کی ایک نظم اور چند مغالطے”. بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو) 16, no. 1 (June 23, 2025): 243–252. Accessed May 8, 2026. https://bunyad.lums.edu.pk/website/journal/article/68598195837b6/page.
Vancouver
1.Sanjrani KM. ہائیڈل برگ میں لکھی جانے والی اقبال کی ایک نظم اور چند مغالطے. بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو) [Internet]. 2025 June 23 [cited 2026 May 8];16(1):243–252. Available from: https://bunyad.lums.edu.pk/website/journal/article/68598195837b6/page
AMA
1.Sanjrani KM. ہائیڈل برگ میں لکھی جانے والی اقبال کی ایک نظم اور چند مغالطے. بنیاد (مجّلہ دراساتِ اردو). 2025;16(1):243–252. Accessed May 8, 2026. https://bunyad.lums.edu.pk/website/journal/article/68598195837b6/page

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Author(s):

Khalid Mahmood Sanjrani

Professor of Urdu

Government College University Lahore, Lahore

Pakistan

  • dr.khalidsanjarani@gcu.edu.pk

Details:

Type: Article
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Language: Urdu
Id: 68598195837b6
Pages 243 - 252
Published June 23, 2025

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